Sistema de Gestión de Cursos con Django y DRF

1. Configuración del Proyecto

Paso 1: Crear el proyecto y entorno virtual

mkdir course_management
cd course_management
python -m venv env
source venv/bin/activate
pip install django djangorestframework

Paso 2: Crear el proyecto y la aplicación

django-admin startproject config .
python manage.py startapp courses

Paso 3: Configurar INSTALLED_APPS

Editar config/settings.py:

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    ...
    'rest_framework',
    'courses',
]

Paso 4: Migrar la base de datos

python manage.py migrate

2. Modelos

Paso 1: Definir los modelos

Editar courses/models.py:

from django.db import models

class Course(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    description = models.TextField()

    def __str__(self):
        return self.title

class Student(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    email = models.EmailField(unique=True)
    courses = models.ManyToManyField(Course, related_name='students')

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

Paso 2: Migrar los modelos

python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate

3. Serializers

Paso 1: Crear el archivo serializers.py

Crear y editar courses/serializers.py:

from rest_framework import serializers
from .models import Course, Student

class CourseSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Course
        fields = '__all__'

class StudentSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Student
        fields = '__all__'

4. Vistas

Paso 1: Crear las vistas

Editar courses/views.py:

from rest_framework.viewsets import ModelViewSet
from .models import Course, Student
from .serializers import CourseSerializer, StudentSerializer

class CourseViewSet(ModelViewSet):
    queryset = Course.objects.all()
    serializer_class = CourseSerializer

class StudentViewSet(ModelViewSet):
    queryset = Student.objects.all()
    serializer_class = StudentSerializer

5. Rutas

Paso 1: Configurar las rutas de la aplicación

Crear y editar courses/urls.py:

from rest_framework.routers import DefaultRouter
from .views import CourseViewSet, StudentViewSet

router = DefaultRouter()
router.register('courses', CourseViewSet)
router.register('students', StudentViewSet)

urlpatterns = router.urls

Paso 2: Incluir las rutas en el proyecto

Editar config/urls.py:

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path, include

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('api/', include('courses.urls')),
]

6. Pruebas de la API

Paso 1: Levantar el servidor

python manage.py runserver

Paso 2: Endpoints disponibles

Listar Cursos: GET http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/courses/
Crear Curso: POST http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/courses/

{
    "title": "Curso Django",
    "description": "Aprende Django desde cero."
}

Listar Estudiantes: GET http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/students/
Crear Estudiante: POST http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/students/